You have just returned home after an awesome vacation. Perhaps it was a week in the mountains, an impulsive road trip with friends or lastly checking out that beach destination you have always wanted on your bucket list. There are videos on your phone, shaky shots of the boat, golden hour shots of the cliff, […]
Professional profile pictures have become one of the most crucial first impressions a person can have, whether that is a well-curated update on your LinkedIn feed, a freelance portfolio, or simply an attempt to appear presentable on a work-related site. Vast majority of us do not have a professional photographer in our speed dial. However, […]
We’ve all been there. You are staring at a picture of a person with an awesome haircut, and you are wondering how to visualize this hairstyle on yourself whether it would look good on you or not, but you are not ready to make a reservation and see whether it will suit you. Perhaps you […]
The MOS Capacitor (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Capacitor) is the fundamental electrostatic structure underlying modern semiconductor devices. Every MOSFET, CMOS integrated circuit, DRAM cell, Flash memory array, and nanoscale logic transistor originates from MOS capacitor physics. Understanding MOS capacitor behavior, electrostatics, energy band behavior, and Capacitance Voltage (CV) characteristics is essential for: Semiconductor device physics VLSI […]
In this article, you will learn how to design a 12V 5A SMPS circuit that converts 230VAC to regulated 12V DC using the TOP227YN in a flyback configuration. Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) are widely used for high-efficiency AC-to-DC conversion. The flyback topology is especially suitable for low- to medium-power isolated supplies. The TOP227YN is […]
A Varistor is a voltage-dependent, non-linear resistor whose resistance changes significantly with applied voltage. The term varistor is derived from “variable resistor”, but unlike potentiometers or rheostats, its resistance varies automatically with voltage, not mechanically. Varistors are primarily used for over-voltage protection. Under normal operating voltage, a varistor behaves like a very high resistance device. […]